An operation is any live model call: customer chat, email sync or classify, a reply draft, or other backoffice AI. The calculator keeps the two carbon mechanisms separate. Demand reduction is fewer kWh from serving replaceable work on mini and nano models. Scheduling moves only eligible automation out of the live workload’s natural hour mix and into off-peak hours. Mid is today’s staff-day mix. Future adds business-plan visitor Q&A treated as ChatGPT-class displacement. Conversation-centric uses the Support funnel and counts legacy email, form, webpage, and phone contacts separately from frontier watt-hours.
Energy and flat electricity dollars
| Clients | HEA ops / year | HEA energy | Net energy | Flat net $ | Save |
|---|
Time-of-use dollars
| Clients | Flat net $ | TOU, natural hours | TOU + scheduling | Scheduling $ | Schedulable | Effective off-peak |
|---|
Service contacts (email, form, page, phone)
These rows count conversation-centric contacts that would otherwise have been IT or human operations. They are not added to the frontier energy columns above.
| Clients | Visitor turns / mo / client | All chat turns / mo / client | Frontier-replaced turns / year | Legacy contacts / year |
|---|
Carbon dioxide: both mechanisms and today
Demand reduction compares frontier and HEA kWh at the same natural hour mix. Scheduling is the additional effect from placing eligible automation off-peak. “Vs today” compares the selected HEA footprint with today’s mid frontier workload at the same client count; future demand can avoid emissions against its own frontier counterfactual while still emitting more than today’s smaller workload.
| Clients | Same-workload frontier | HEA footprint | Demand reduction | Scheduling | Combined avoided | HEA vs today |
|---|
Infrastructure horizon
Yearly tables are a flow. This table holds the installed base constant for the selected horizon. Cumulative is n times the yearly line. Net Present CO2 Saving discounts each future year (Payen 2021). Electricity dollars stay undiscounted.
| Clients | Yearly CO2 | Cumulative CO2 | NPCS | Car-years (cum.) | Cumulative $ |
|---|
Methods, limitations, and references are in the working paper. Token list prices are intentionally omitted here.